A Digital Strategy for Arts and Culture in Scotland - update.


On the legal Birthday of Creative Scotland I proposed the creation of a web 2.0 platform available to all arts and culture performances in Scotland - providing the basis for comprehensive listings and ticketing for anyone anywhere. As a counterpart, individuals participate in a similar web 2.0 set up. For me the interesting bit is not the listings nor the ticketing, as these are relatively easy to understand and overdue. The key point is the question as to how performers and audiences might use the functionality of the site to upgrade the quality of their experience of arts and culture by doing things with the technology that haven’t been imagined.

This is a totally open ended issue as the nature of a web 2.0 as an organising (or disorganising) principle means that it’s not really for anyone to say what ‘should’ happen at the outset. But by way of illustration here are a few ideas, some of which had not occurred to me.

Community articulation of preferences in rural arts expenditure: So you want author X or band Y to visit Lochgoilhead? Start a campaign - if 50 people sign up it sends a signal to the public sector purse string holders - and if they don't care, put out the invitation yourself and pool the funding privately.

Discounting - stop giving discounted tickets to the discount junkies in the last week before a show. Instead, because you know your audience, distribute excess tickets to people who are likely to bring along new people - eg those who were first to buy tickets or those who regularily attend your productions (with the system able to determine if there is a difference between "well kent" and the most loyal.)

Putting the social back into life - everyone is different but there seems a consensus that most of us would prefer to go to an arts event with people we know and be in an audience with even more people we know. Social networking says what it does - in an arts and culture web 2.0 context this might empower people who got to know each other online to arrange to meet for food or drinks in large open groups either before or after a performance they had in common.

A practical solutions for small events - By generating an efficient listing/marketing mechanism, small irregular events, perhaps run by a B&B or hotel, could effectively put their information in a space where they would be found by geographically based search. The capacity to invite known others from across the network would make more events viable than currently occur.

A mechanism for driving content The idea is that when a person buys a ticket – often a few months ahead of the event – it sits on the metaphorical mantle piece in their social space. This provides a bridge/a relationship between the company and the members of the audience for that particular night, a temporal countdown in which information in video, pictures, text, music can be shared to build anticipation and preparing the audience for the spectacle to come.

Information and incentives Information matters. The arts ‘industry’ doesn’t exactly sit comfortably with the loyalty card schemes of supermarkets – but.....it might just be a matter of presentation, certainly loyalty, rewards and information are not insubstantial concepts.

All the other things On a platform where people by definition share an interest in arts and culture happening in Scotland (from wherever) there’s scope for blogs, reviews, sharing lists, notices, auditions, jobs, swaps, whatever...

There were also a few objections:

Why not just do it on Facebook - nice try. The thing about Facebook is that even if every performance in Scotland had a FB page there would still be no way that individuals could scoop up a Scotland wide listing and manage it by geography, dates, artforms, venues, keywords etc. or implement a ticketing system across the whole range of arts and culture events in Scotland. It is not just the Critical Mass that justifies a Scotland wide site, but a critical proximity. If someone sitting in the US wants to find out what is happening in Scotland ahead of their holiday – they’re not going to find a solution in Facebook.

Too many networks – It’s been suggested that people have too many networks and don’t want any more - I haven’t been given data sources to back this idea up, and the people I’ve been talking to tend to be the sort of people who may well have too many networks! What I know is that when I’m buying my Edinburgh festival tickets I have to go to the EIF, Fringe, MGEIFT, Book Festival, Tattoo, Mela, Art Festival etc sites so the excellent work that Festivals Edinburgh is doing to pull this together – is exactly the kind of progressive advance which is under discussion. The platform I’m thinking of would just be a bit more ambitious. And, it will be fully integrated with Facebook, Twitter, whatever and the transactional basis of ticket sale and communication flows would drive email traffic email across a member’s inbox.

Doubts about Web 2.0 – Repeatedly I’ve heard the opinion that arts companies would be unable to maintain their own space on a network such that it integrated with their own website/design concepts and provided comprehensive up to date information. I was quite astonished to hear such sceptical views. Frankly I don’t believe them - particularly if future funding from Creative Scotland was predicated on a professional approach to maintaining a system which was specifically designed to increase audiences and disseminate art.

Return on Investment – This is the big one. How do I know that a significant investment in the design, construction, rolling out and marketing of a Scotland wide arts and culture website will have a satisfactory return on investment? To this I say clearly that I don’t. How could anyone? Nobody has ever tried to build a Web 2.0 arts and culture platform for a whole country. But, on the other hand it is clear that the existing system is bust. This year around £100 million will be ploughed into subsidising the arts. Doing nothing is like running the tap without putting in the plug – again. Would an intelligent digital strategy result in growing audiences with a resultant increase in turnover in excess of the investment? I believe so. But it is also the case that the functionality is additional and there is work to be done on saving the costs of things like Visit Scotland’s listings or some of the marketing costs of individual companies and there is also the question of sponsorship and internal advertising so the discussion on this is still at an early stage. The point is that doing nothing is not a risk averse strategy – it is just a strategy of continuing conservative denial. In this time of cuts, why should largely middle class artforms be subsidised by people who prefer football or pop music. There are really good arguments about this, but they would be a lot stronger if the subsidy was less and the technological opportunity was engaged.

As I’ve got into this subject I’ve enjoyed thinking into issues such as the relationship between culture, nationhood and geography; or the function of time in social network dynamics; or the relationship between top down and bottom up in the provision of a digital strategy and, not forgetting the relationship between the public and the private sector and the role of European competition law. I’ll be blogging about these in a wee while. For now, please do throw more good reasons one way or another into this particular pot.

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Comment by Richard Saville-Smith on September 3, 2010 at 23:08
Hi Anne,

I wasn't thinking of doing "it" on my own! I was rather thinking you might help by suggesting useful resources! And that others might help in ways they feel comfortable with. I just see a great big opporutinty - and I'm trying to work it out.

Creative Scotland sent me an (unsolicited) copy of 'Thinking Big' so I'm taking that as a sign...(!) ho, ho. Andrew Dixon had me in for a chat (unsolicited) and I'm speaking with Ros and Kate at the EPPP. My plan is to work out the arguments and (proably more importantly the language) on 38minutes - on the grounds that it's an appropriate place to explore a digital/arts/creative idea and in the hope that if people can't think up decent reasons to be against it, they will, in time come to be for "it".

Cheers.
Comment by Richard Saville-Smith on September 2, 2010 at 22:48
Hi Anne, I was starting from an attempt to answer the question: how could digital technology, in particular social media, be used to improve the audience experience of events in Scotland. There is no particular reason why this shoud exclusively relate to subsidised art forms as it could just as readily include sporing events or music events. The difference is that Creative Scotland has financial levers which don't exist in these other mostly profit making sectors - and there is a greater point of crisis and therefore opportunity.

Whatever, the point is to stop looking at this from the point of view of production companies, promoters, venues or any of the others with a professional interest and start looking at the equation from the point of view of the audiences. When one does this, it is quite clear that the audiences for sport, pop, subsidied arts and video games overlap as people don't confine their social lives exclusively to these particular ghettos. The "massive demographic gulf" may exist between the extreme, but the overlap exists and when you chuck in a temporal factor it is the case that over time people will engage with and experience different types of events in their lifetime.

So, my question remains, how can social media be used to increase participation - and this partly connects with the "Stream 7" discussion about the future of 38minutes going on contemporaneously elsewhere on this site. I suppose that part of the reason that many people enthusiastically join 38minutes and then fade away is because 38mins provides a kind of hybrid platform because of it's 'specialist' twist which means it mostly can't substitute for a personal blog and...well theres a question of purpose beyond just sharing a space when most people are away somewhere else. It seems to me that the question of purpose is crucial.

In an arts and culture context people have a purpose(s) - people want to go out, be sociable, see a particular show, see any kind of show that takes their fancy. It is that wanting to go out itch that a social media strategy can satisfy. It provides a solution to a genuine problem - what to go to, where to go, who to go with. The lack of evidence of changing demographics is not the same as evidence that more tickets aren't being sold. My core conceit is that if everyone brought a friend, the audience for the arts would double (without much changing the demographic) with a consequent radical increase in turnover and reduction in subsidy. Social media allows all manner of strategies for personal recommendation that a marketing deparment can't begin to touch. This is the radical core of the proposition I'm making.

Heavy Rain is (personal) screen based and therefore counts as part of staying in, as do all other live arts things you can watch on telly at home or on a personal screen - this may be the on-screen future but it is not the future of live events. Paradoxically NT live - projected on a cinema screen is a live event in my book. Back in the day the Musician's Union muddied the water with their slogan "keep music live" which meant that going to a dance music event with some of the greatest DJ's (what I used to call a disco) was somehow an inferior cultural experience to watching musicians (of whatever quality) play live. It was a self-serving strategy but it was wrong. An arts event is live because of the audience not the artist. If there is no audience it's just a rehearsal. A live event is one where people come together in a "site-specific intense theatre experience" (to borrow from Stuart Cosgrove, above) and NT live can certainly provide that.

You "doubt that creating a single space for publicly subsidised arts will necessarily extend participation from a wider section of people in Scotland". Again, any radical increase in the number of people and the number of events attended would not be captured by your evaluation criteria. I do actually believe that a wider section of the population could be reached if there was a more manageble way of knowing what was on, buying tickets and sharing the experience (and things like the Edinburgh Portal Pilot Project are heading in the right direction), but the demographic criteria you incorporate is not actually relevant to my propostion which is that the current subsidy system is broke and that a creative use of a social media digital strategy based robustly on a web 2.0 approach will prove to be a lot more compelling than you currently allow. But thanks for the comments as they really help me sharpen my thoughts.
Comment by Stuart Cosgrove on September 2, 2010 at 17:58
Richard says "The question of whether arts companies would sufficiently prioritise participation is one that is in flux. As the spending cuts bite, I predict that there will be increasing interest." I agree with this and the geographically diverse nature of Scotland makes it attractive for other reasons.

Still like my site-specific, intense theatre experience too tho.
Comment by Richard Saville-Smith on September 2, 2010 at 10:24
Hi Ian,

Cheers for your comments. Firstly, I'm not sure I go with the term "massively integrated" - it makes it sounds like an IT project for the NHS! The whole point about web 2.0 infrastructures is that they are massively disintegrated - allowing individuals to take control over their own space and make use of the networking possibilities on their own terms as they see fit.

The question of whether arts companies would sufficietly prioritise participation is one that is in flux. As the spending cuts bite, I predict that there will be increasing interest. Especially, if it is combined with Creative Scotland funding being denied if they do not get their act together - this financial sanction is likely to do far more than any number of webinars to persuade the core management of arts companies to take the internet seriously.

I also think that you do an injustice to the older generation of arts audiences. The older generation is the most rapidly expanding group of digital participants. These middle class people have computers, what they don't necessarily have is a social space which they are driven to time and time again and in which they can carve out their own space to fit their interests and their personality. Why would you want to continue having to trawl through fractious information sources to find listings, tickets and more when it's all in the one space controlled by you?

As to the scale issue, I think you have a different thing in mind than I was seeking to communicate, so that's a failure on my part - sorry. Facebook and Twitter have hundred's of millions of users. Web 2.0 concepts in practice indicate that size doesn't really matter. You wouldn't really be "bringing together" so many art forms, nor would you be relying on "uniformly" smart use of the environment. Different arts companies and different individuals can find their own way - that's the beauty of web 2.0.

As to the high-risk element - the high-risk is continuing to pump £100 million of tax payers dosh down the subsidy plug-hole. Compared to that an investment in a decent digital strategy seems to be a positive, practical alternative. I accept it may not work, but doing nothing already doesn't work - massively!

Thanks again for the comments.
Comment by Richard Saville-Smith on September 2, 2010 at 9:13
Thanks for the Radio 4 reference John, I'll "listen again" but we seem to be moving in the same direction of travel. It's the "how" that I'm committed to. I'm not proposing subsidising web 2.0 initiatives by individuals or groups of arts companies to better enhance their individual prospects. Instead I'm proposing the provision of an inclusive platform which can be big enough to accommodate everyone - more of an infrastructure thing like electricity or drainage or telecoms (though any analogy with a web 2.0 digital strategy is inexact) - which is fundamental, radical and capable of providing a genuine alternative to the existing subsidy culture by developing audiences. As for the personal issues surrounding our cultural leaders - ho, ho, - you articulate part of the problem very well - as long as people are defending their little corner (however big that is) we are all sub-optimised, which is a euphamism for buggered.
Comment by Dr John Sutherland on September 2, 2010 at 8:31
One thing: stop relying on public subsidy for any organising culture, whether web 2.0 or A3 posters. Last night's Radio 4 debate on whether The Arts should be subsidised was eye-opening by the agreement reached: in the new austerity there should be no more big subsidies for big names. Instead, move the remaining monies to the small. Question is: how to do that in a sector and national culture (I mean Scotland, BTW) which is by its very nature narcissistic, obsessed with profile, standing and name-dropping.

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